Baseball - Revenue Sharing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 425 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/02 Category Sports Essay Level High school Tags: Baseball Essay Did you like this example? One of the most interesting things regarding my research of the MLB is the system that they use to pay the teams of the league called revenue sharing. Revenue sharing is when all of the 30 teams in the league give in 31% of their total local revenue, which is then divided and equally dispersed to each team (Revenue Sharing). Teams acquire the majority of their revenue locally through things such as television contracts, concessions, ticket sales, partnerships/sponsorships, and team merchandise. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Baseball Revenue Sharing" essay for you Create order This system is in place to improve competitive balance; it rearranges the money made in the MLB from profitable teams to less wealthy teams in hopes to improve their capability of appealing to the better and more expensive players (Fontinelle). In simple terms, the New York Yankees, the richest team in the league, gives in more money than they recoup and the Tampa Bay Rays, poorest team in the league, receives more money than they put in (Business). Before my research, I was unaware that there was a specific system in the MLB to prevent dominant teams in the league from having an unfair advantage over the less successful clubs; I used to think that all teams received the same amount of compensation. This is sociologically interesting because it gives underprivileged teams the opportunity to compete with affluent teams. The idea behind revenue sharing is for a manager to take the money they have received and invest it in the goal to rebuild their roster, overall improving their team as a whole. Baseballs collective bargaining agreement states each club shall use its revenue-sharing receipts in an effort to improve its performance on the field and prohibits use of that money to service debt related to franchise acquisition and service to debt not related to improving on-field performance (The Associated Press). Although the principles of revenue sharing are established to combat structural inequality, there have been instances where smaller market teams abuse the money they are given for the reasons listed in the quote above. In fact, recently, the Miami Marlins, Oakland Athletics, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Tampa Bay Rays have been suspected of inappropriately using spending their revenue sharing payments (The Associated Press). The idea of the conflict theory presents itself in this situation since the society of the MLB is in eternal conflict as teams compete for limited resources. Even though big name teams such as the Cubs and Yankees pay in millions of dollars for revenue sharing, they try to retain their wealth and power preventing smaller teams from moving up in the system.

Diversity in Prison - 2051 Words

Diversity in Prison The late twentieth century is seeing a rise in racial conflict in the United States as well as on the universal stage in a broad-spectrum (Phillips Bowling, 2002). Statistics indicate that racial/ethnic minorities, particularly black males, face a disproportionately high risk of incarceration in the United States. This determination is made by assessing the negative impact that incarceration can have on individuals, their communities, and the integration of minorities into the nation’s larger social, economic, and political landscape (Yates, 1997). Discrimination in the incarceration of blacks clearly stands out as today’s (Greenfield, 2011) most critical issue in the study of race, crime, and justice. The†¦show more content†¦Durkheimian theory holds that racial discrimination and income inequality indirectly affect imprisonment through crime. This is grounded on the assumption that racial discrimination and/or lower socio-economic status that reduce legitimate economic opportunities, leads to criminal activity, which, leads to imprisonment. In contrast, conflict theory suggests that these variables have both direct and indirect effects. That is, racial composition and income inequality will have a significant effect on imprisonment when controlling for crime. This latter effect is attributed to the response of the economically and politically powerful to the real or perceived threat posed by culturally dissimilar groups (cultural conflict theory). The present study analyzes the existence and magnitudes of the direct and indirect effects of race and income inequality on the level of imprisonment. Other sociological theories suggest that when controlling for the level of serious crime, incarceration rates are directly affected by extra-legal factors. The Cultural Conflict and Neo-Marxist theories suggest that the existing social structure produces a culturally dissimilar class of individuals, such as the impoverished, the unemployed and the oppressed minority, who pose a threat, whether real or perceived, to the interests of the economically and politically powerful (Freiburger, 2010).The relationship between race andShow MoreRelatedThe Increased Prison Population and Improper Punishment System1083 Words   |  5 Pagesattention on issues of nationalism and cultural diversities. As Hallinan and Jackson says, â€Å"Within the context of the post 9/11 era a complex and arguably contradictory and paradoxical set of conditions, practices and policies have emerged in relation to how we see, represent, understand and acknowledge the diversity of ‘Others’† (2008). In this paper, I have discussed issue of racism which our contemporary society is facing. 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The town currently has a population of 13,704 people and consists of 73% Blacks or African Americans, 23% Caucasian, 1% Hispanic or Latino and 1% bi-racial. Regardless of my town’s homogeneous population, I grew up accepting diversity and valuing individual differences even amid the same racial group. One of the first experiences of diversity I can vividly recallRead MoreWhy The Incarceration Rate So High For Young Black Males?1428 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica has the largest justice system in the world. America also has the highest incarceration rate with over 2 million people in prison. African Americans account for approximately 40 percent of those inmates. Why is the incarceration rate so high for young black males? By examining the data and demographics, and the causes and consequences a greater understanding will be gained as to why these disparities exist. As of December 2013, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the number ofRead MoreCultural Consideration1138 Words   |  5 Pagesjustice because when incarcerated different cultures are in the prison systems to deter crime outside the prison by locking them up but mixing these cultures in prison sometimes help individuals to become a better criminal instead of the solution. Diversity in the criminal justice administration can have a positive effect. Because there is different race, ethnic groups, religions, genders, sexualities etc. the need for a diversity of people can help better understand the reasoning and actions of

A Summary of Cubbin and Geroski Free Essays

This article examines the nature of short-run dynamics in judging the profitability in the marketplace.   The authors state that the dynamics of profits in the inter-industry averages, even between companies in the same industry, can be extremely variable. That is, although it is assumed that there is some homogeneity that can permit comparison between company profits within and industry that can then be used to create an inter-industry average, this homogeneity does not, in fact, exist. We will write a custom essay sample on A Summary of Cubbin and Geroski or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is apparent that this flawed assumption has its roots in the â€Å"shared asset theory of profit determination† posited by Porter (1979) as a method of determining performance in an industry (Cubbin Geroski, 1987, p. 427).   The authors state that the flaw comes from assuming that the â€Å"intra-industry variations in profits are small and uncorrelated with market structure† (Cubbin Geroski, 1987, p. 427), which, if this assumption is untrue, the industry-level analysis of the dynamics between companies is no longer of interest and is no longer of any value. In addition, Porter’s model seems to have failed to take into account the differences that exist between the industry leaders and the industry â€Å"followers† in terms of profitability and how that profit is made. The literature review for Cubbin and Geroski (1987) suggests that analysis of different industries show that market power gains are unevenly distributed between these leaders (the large firms) and followers (the small firms) in these industries and that the markets share that this power reflects is important in determining the relative profitability between companies (pp. 427-428). The authors indicate, however, that there are several assessment methods in terms of determining any individual organization’s profitability both on firm specific and industry-wide factors.   These factors include: Co-efficients on variables, such as market share and industry concentration. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) framework that deconstructs performance variables into effects created by industry, firm, and market share. A dynamic model, which the authors suggest that a co-variance might exist between â€Å"profit paths† across intra-industry firms (Cubbin Geroski, 1987, p. 428). The authors’ state their intent at this juncture; indicating that they intend to examine the importance of industry effect on industry profitability in the United Kingdom (Cubbin Geroski, 1987).   It is also at this point in the paper where the authors describe the form that the paper will take, explaining how the information will be organized and analyzed. The Model The model that the authors examined for the purpose of this paper is that of an individual firm (i) in a single industry (I).   The current profit rate for i is then compared for the equilibrium profit rate for I, over a long term. According to the authors, it is unlikely that the comparison of the profit rates for   Ã‚  and I will be equal to one another over the period of analysis for one of two reasons: 1) that there is no equilibrium in the individual firm’s profit over the long term, or 2) that the equilibrium profit rate for the individual firm differs from that of the industry as a whole.   In addition, the ease or difficulty with which a firm can enter the market and other factors that affect doing business in that industry may have an effect over the rate of equilibrium profit. The authors maintain that the profit rate for the individual is determined by the equilibrium profit rate for the industry and â€Å"the dynamic forces that generate adjustment towards them within and between industries (Cubbin Geroski, 1987, p. 429). Cubbin and Geroski (1987) go on to explain that one issue in this model is that tracking the factors that go into the dynamic may be impossible to measure, in part due to the difficulty in observing them. In addition, the actual entry of a firm into an industry may or may not have an effect overall and may or may not lead to the existing firms in that industry–particularly, presumably, the leaders of that industry–to make strategic preemptive pricing moves that may effect the performance of the market before the new firm even has time to enter and disturb the equilibrium (Cubbin Geroski, 1987). The authors propose a solution to control these variables.   They first define â€Å"entry† into an industry as being when 1) new firms enter the industry, 2) expansion of incumbent firms, and 3) as incumbent competitors attempt to block new firms by uniting their production and pricing efforts (Cubbin Geroski, 1987). This definition was left broad to â€Å"include all systematic dynamic forces interacting with profits† (Cubbin Geroski, 1987).   Entry might then have a strong impact if there are strong dynamic forces; however, weak dynamic forces result in the average industry profitability being affected over a long period (Cubbin Geroski, 1987). If a firm holds a strategic place in the industry and earns profits higher than those earned by others in the industry, then a response to this position might result in other firms in the industry might encourage â€Å"mobility† in the industry itself, with other new firms entering or incumbents restructuring to diversify (Cubbin Geroski, 1987), which results in any of these actions having an effect on the individual firm. The basic model that the authors suggest using to analyze industry profits is arrived at after a series of equations that are eventually modified to take compare the vulnerability to the effects of entry on the part of the individual firm against the industry at large (Cubbin Geroski, 1987), based on the movement created by firm and industry specifics. How to cite A Summary of Cubbin and Geroski, Papers

Financial Statement Forecasting of Saizeria

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Statement Forecasting of Saizeria. Answer: Introduction Projected Assumptions for Income Statement The net sales ratio of Saizeria is projected to increase in the year 2014 in comparison to 2013. Moreover, gross profit of the company is anticipated to increase to 35.8% in the year 2014 in comparison to the previous year. Such increase can be predicted because of the reason the company has increased it new outlets and strengthened products (Healy and Palepu 2012). The company is anticipated to experience decrease in its operating income to 70.6% in the year 2014 in comparison to year 2013. This is because of the reason the company can face economic challenges because of certain factors namely unemployment situation and increase in consumption tax in the year 2014. Projected Assumptions for Balance Sheet Observing the total current assets of Saizeria, it can be projected that the net sales ratio of the company might decrease to 20.7% in the year 2014 as compared to the year 2013. Moreover, total non-current assets of the company are projected to increase to 61.7% in contrast to previous year. Total assets of the company are projected to increase to 82.2% and total liabilities are anticipated to increase to 20.5% in the year 2014. Increase in total assets can be projected for the reason the company has experienced increase in cash because of less repayment in long-term loans (Liang and Riedl 2013). Reference List Healy, P.M. and Palepu, K.G., 2012.Business Analysis Valuation: Using Financial Statements. London: Cengage Learning. Liang, L. and Riedl, E.J., 2013. The effect of fair value versus historical cost reporting model on analyst forecast accuracy.The Accounting Review,89(3), pp.1151-1177.